HAT Subject (Electrical Engineering) FLP 2 Free Quiz

HAT Subject (Electrical Engineering) – FLP 2

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HAT Subject (Electrical Engineering) – FLP 2 consists of 100 MCQs covering 1 subjects. You have 120 minutes to complete it. Start with the easier questions and manage your time wisely. Good luck!

Electrical Engineering 100 MCQs

1. What is Ohm's Law?

A. V = IR B. V = I/R C. V = R/I D. V = I + R

2. What does Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL) state?

A. Sum of voltages around a loop is zero B. Sum of resistances in series is additive C. Sum of currents entering a node equals sum leaving D. Power is conserved in a circuit

3. What does Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) state?

A. Sum of currents at a node is zero B. Voltage equals current times resistance C. Power equals voltage times current D. Sum of voltages around a loop is zero

4. What is the phase relationship between voltage and current in a purely capacitive AC circuit?

A. Current is in phase with voltage B. Current lags voltage by 90° C. Current is 180° out of phase D. Current leads voltage by 90°

5. What quantity cannot change instantaneously in a capacitor?

A. Current cannot change instantaneously B. Power cannot change instantaneously C. Voltage cannot change instantaneously D. Energy cannot change instantaneously

6. What is the current-voltage relationship for a capacitor?

A. V = L di/dt B. I = C dV/dt C. I = V/R D. P = VI

7. What is the formula for capacitive reactance?

A. XL = ωL B. XC = 1/(ωC) C. XC = ωL D. XL = 1/(ωC)

8. What are the main components of a communication system?

A. Transmitter, channel, receiver B. Transmitter only C. Receiver only D. Antenna only

9. What does amplitude modulation (AM) vary?

A. Frequency B. Phase C. Both D. Amplitude

10. What is SNR?

A. Signal strength only B. Signal strength relative to noise C. Noise only D. Bandwidth

11. What does a higher SNR indicate?

A. Better signal quality B. Worse signal quality C. No change D. Higher noise

12. What is Pulse Position Modulation?

A. PAM B. PWM C. PCM D. PPM

13. What is the quantization error?

A. Sampling error B. Aliasing error C. Coding error D. Quantization error

14. What extracts the message from the received signal?

A. Transmitter B. Receiver C. Channel D. Antenna

15. What is heterodyning in receivers?

A. Heterodyning B. Amplification C. Filtering D. Modulation

16. What is an open-loop control system?

A. Uses feedback B. Closed-loop C. Does not use feedback D. Adaptive

17. What is a closed-loop control system?

A. Open-loop B. Feedforward C. Adaptive D. Closed-loop with feedback

18. What are the zeros of a transfer function?

A. Poles B. Gains C. Outputs D. Zeros

19. For stability, where must all poles of a system be?

A. Right half-plane B. Left half-plane C. Imaginary axis D. Origin

20. What does a root locus plot show?

A. Frequency response B. Root locus C. Bode plot D. Nyquist plot

21. What representation uses state variables?

A. Transfer function B. Frequency response C. State-space D. Impulse response

22. Which gate produces a high output when any input is high?

A. AND B. NOT C. NAND D. OR

23. Which gate is the complement of AND?

A. NAND B. NOR C. XOR D. XNOR

24. Which gate produces a high output when inputs are different?

A. AND B. OR C. NAND D. XOR

25. What is an edge-triggered memory element that stores one bit?

A. Latch (level-triggered) B. Gate C. Decoder D. Flip-flop (edge-triggered)

26. Which flip-flop eliminates the invalid state of SR?

A. D B. T C. JK D. SR

27. Which flip-flop toggles when T=1?

A. D B. T C. JK D. SR

28. What selects one input from many?

A. Multiplexer B. Demultiplexer C. Decoder D. Encoder

29. What routes one input to many outputs?

A. Multiplexer B. Encoder C. Demultiplexer D. Decoder

30. How many inputs and outputs does an 8-to-3 encoder have?

A. 3 inputs, 8 outputs B. 8 inputs, 3 outputs C. 8 inputs, 8 outputs D. 3 inputs, 3 outputs

31. How many bits are used in BCD encoding?

A. 8-bit B. 16-bit C. 4-bit D. 3-bit

32. What is the power relationship in an ideal transformer?

A. V1/V2 = I2/I1 B. V1I1 = V2I2 C. Both A and B D. Neither

33. What is the formula for slip in an induction motor?

A. (Nr - Ns)/Ns B. (Ns - Nr)/Nr C. (Ns - Nr)/Ns D. (Nr - Ns)/Nr

34. Where is the armature winding in a DC machine?

A. On the stator B. On the rotor C. On the field D. On the yoke

35. What is the starting torque of a DC series motor?

A. Very high B. Very low C. Zero D. Constant

36. What does the short-circuit test on a transformer measure?

A. Iron losses B. Both C. Stray losses D. Copper losses

37. What is the voltage regulation of a transformer?

A. (V_full-load - V_no-load)/V_no-load B. (V_no-load - V_full-load)/V_full-load C. V_no-load - V_full-load D. V_full-load/V_no-load

38. How can the direction of rotation of a three-phase induction motor be reversed?

A. Changing frequency B. Changing voltage C. Interchanging any two phases D. Changing load

39. What is the effect of armature reaction in a DC machine?

A. Negligible B. Beneficial C. Always positive D. Affects magnetic field distribution

40. What does Coulomb's Law describe?

A. Force between currents B. Magnetic force C. Force between point charges D. Gravitational force

41. What does Gauss's Law for electric fields state?

A. For magnetic fields B. For currents C. For potentials D. For electric fields

42. What does Faraday's Law state?

A. Changing magnetic field induces electric field B. Current induces magnetic field C. Electric flux through a surface D. Direction of induced current

43. How many Maxwell's equations are there?

A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six

44. What is the relationship between D and E?

A. B = μH B. J = σE C. H = B/μ D. D = εE

45. What does the Poynting vector represent?

A. Energy B. Force C. Power flow per unit area D. Voltage

46. What is the time-harmonic form of the wave equation?

A. Poisson B. Laplace C. Helmholtz D. Maxwell

47. What is an example of a semiconductor material?

A. Silicon or germanium B. Copper C. Glass D. Superconductor

48. What type of device is a FET?

A. Current-controlled B. Power-controlled C. Voltage-controlled D. Frequency-controlled

49. What configuration uses negative feedback through a resistor?

A. Non-inverting B. Open-loop C. Inverting D. Unity gain

50. Which logic gate outputs 0 only when all inputs are 1?

A. AND B. NAND C. OR D. NOR

51. What is the boolean expression for an XOR gate?

A. A'B + AB' B. A + B C. AB D. A'B'

52. What is a flip-flop?

A. Amplifier B. Oscillator C. Bistable multivibrator storing one bit D. Rectifier

53. What sequential circuit cycles through states?

A. Register B. Decoder C. Multiplexer D. Counter

54. What circuit routes one input to many outputs?

A. Demultiplexer B. Multiplexer C. Encoder D. Decoder

55. What is a digital signal?

A. Continuous B. Analog C. Sinusoidal D. Discrete

56. What does an ADC do?

A. DAC B. ADC C. Amplifier D. Filter

57. What circuit generates a periodic signal without external input?

A. Oscillator B. Amplifier C. Rectifier D. Filter

58. What circuit passes certain frequencies and attenuates others?

A. Amplifier B. Oscillator C. Filter D. Rectifier

59. What filter passes frequencies below a cutoff?

A. High-pass B. Band-pass C. Band-stop D. Low-pass

60. What is the bandwidth of a filter?

A. Bandwidth B. Center frequency C. Quality factor D. Gain

61. What is a PLL used for?

A. Amplifier B. Rectifier C. Phase-locked loop D. Filter

62. What is an SCR?

A. Transistor B. Diode C. Thyristor (SCR) D. Triac

63. What is a TRIAC?

A. Unidirectional B. DC only C. Bipolar D. Bidirectional thyristor

64. What does an inverter do?

A. DC to AC B. AC to DC C. DC to DC D. AC to AC

65. What does a chopper do?

A. AC to DC B. DC to AC C. DC to DC D. AC to AC

66. What does a buck converter do?

A. Steps down voltage B. Steps up voltage C. Both D. Isolation

67. What does a boost converter do?

A. Steps down B. Isolation C. Steps up D. Both

68. What is a Cuk converter?

A. Buck B. Cuk C. Boost D. Flyback

69. What is used to control output voltage in power converters?

A. Frequency modulation B. Phase modulation C. Pulse Width Modulation D. Amplitude modulation

70. What is the duty cycle in PWM?

A. Off-time B. Frequency C. Amplitude D. On-time / Total period

71. What device combines MOSFET and BJT characteristics?

A. IGBT B. MOSFET C. BJT D. Thyristor

72. What protects devices from voltage spikes?

A. Filter B. Snubber circuit C. Rectifier D. Inverter

73. What type of converter changes the voltage level of a DC supply?

A. AC-DC B. DC-DC C. DC-AC D. AC-AC

74. What does power factor correction do?

A. Increase power B. Decrease power C. Increase losses D. Improve power factor

75. What are the three main components of a power system?

A. Generation, transmission, distribution B. Only generation C. Only transmission D. Only distribution

76. What is the standard frequency of the power system in Pakistan?

A. 60 Hz B. 100 Hz C. 50 Hz D. 25 Hz

77. What is a slack bus in power flow?

A. Load bus (PQ bus) B. Generator bus (PV bus) C. Slack bus (swing bus) D. None

78. What is the Ferranti effect?

A. Voltage rise at receiving end B. Voltage drop at receiving end C. Current rise D. Power loss

79. What are symmetrical components used for?

A. Positive, negative, zero sequence B. Harmonics C. Transients D. Load flow

80. What does the positive sequence component represent?

A. Negative sequence B. Zero sequence C. Positive sequence D. Harmonic

81. What does the zero sequence component represent?

A. Balanced quantities B. Positive sequence C. Negative sequence D. Unbalanced quantities with no net shift

82. What is the objective of economic load dispatch?

A. Maximize profit B. Minimize losses C. Maximize voltage D. Minimize operating costs

83. What effect causes current to flow near the conductor surface at high frequencies?

A. Skin effect B. Proximity effect C. Corona D. Ferranti effect

84. What is the power factor of a purely resistive load?

A. Zero B. 0.5 C. 1.0 D. 0.8

85. What is a synchronous condenser?

A. A generator B. A transformer C. A capacitor bank D. A synchronous motor for reactive compensation

86. What does a load duration curve show?

A. Daily load B. Load duration curve C. Hourly load D. Weekly load

87. What is the load factor?

A. Average load / Peak load B. Peak load / Average load C. Average load * Peak load D. 1 - Average/Peak

88. What is the diversity factor?

A. Average load / Peak load B. Peak load / Average load C. Sum of individual max demands / System max demand D. System max demand / Sum of individual max demands

89. What is a continuous-time signal?

A. Defined at every instant B. Defined only at discrete instants C. Digital D. Quantized

90. What is a discrete-time signal?

A. Continuous-time B. Analog C. Discrete-time D. Random

91. What is a periodic signal?

A. Periodic B. Aperiodic C. Random D. Deterministic

92. What is a time-invariant system?

A. Linear B. Non-linear C. Time-varying D. Time-invariant

93. What is the impulse response of a system?

A. Impulse response B. Step response C. Ramp response D. Frequency response

94. What is the step response of a system?

A. Impulse response B. Ramp response C. Step response D. Frequency response