MDCAT (Practice Test) FLP 9 Free Quiz

Biolog

Chemis

Englis

Logica

Physic

MDCAT (Practice Test) – FLP 9 consists of 180 MCQs covering 5 subjects. You have 180 minutes to complete it. Start with the easier questions and manage your time wisely. Good luck!

Biology 81 MCQs

1. The --- model of plasma membrane suggests that proteins are embedded in lipid bilayer:

A. Unit membrane B. Fluid mosaic C. Permeable D. Ultracentrifuge

2. CO2 can enter the plasma membrane through:

A. Active transport B. Passive transport C. Facilitated Diffusion D. Secondary active transport

3. The organelle involved in detoxification of drugs and poisons in liver cells is:

A. SER B. RER C. Golgi D. Lysosomes

4. Which of the following structure is absent in plant cell and found in animal cells?

A. Centriole B. Lysosome C. Mitochondria D. Golgi complex

5. The organelles found only at seedling stage of oil seed plants are :

A. Glyoxisomes B. Microtubules C. Peroxisome D. Vacuoles

6. Mitochondrion was first seen as granules in:

A. White blood cells B. muscle cells C. Red blood cells D. liver cells

7. Function of nucleolus is to form:

A. Nuclear envelope B. Chromosome C. rRNA D. Cytoplasm

8. If water has high latent heat of vaporization, how this property of water could be helpful to plants and animals:

A. With release of large amount of water vapors,a small amount of heat loss will take place B. No cooling effect with the release of even large amount of water vapors C. It will keep their temperature very high D. With the release of small amount of water vapors,a great amount of heat loss can take place

9. Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

A. Fructose B. Glucose C. sucrose D. All are monosaccharides

10. Which fatty acid would have the highest melting point?

A. Oleic acid B. Palmitic acid C. Lauric acid D. Stearic acid

11. Most proteins are made up of _ types of amino acids:

A. 20 B. 170 C. 25 D. 200

12. Proteins are macromolecules formed of units known as amino acids. The amino acids which the variable group R is represented by an H atom is:

A. Lysine B. Phenylalanine C. Glycine D. Alanine

13. Which of the following molecule contains amino acids?

A. Cellulose B. Collagen C. Sucrose D. Ascorbic acid

14. If the detachable co-factor is an inorganic ion then it is designated as:

A. Co-factor B. Holoenzyme C. Prosthetic group D. Activator

15. Non protein part required for proper and essential functioning of enzyme is called:

A. Allosteric factor B. Co-Factor C. Efficient factor D. Extra factor

16. Each enzyme has a dimple or groove at a specific side called:

A. Co-factor B. Active site C. non active site D. Prosthetic group

17. Which enzyme works in alkaline pH?

A. Pepsin B. Sucrose C. enterokinase D. Pancreatic lipase

18. What are the sequence of the steps in which bacteriophage attacks bacteria and injects its DNA:

A. Landing - Tail contraction - Penetration - DNA injection B. Penetration C. Both of these D. None of these

19. What does the term bacteriophage refer to?

A. A virus that infects bacteria B. A bacterium that infects virus C. A virus which behaves as bacteria D. Combination of Bacterium & virion

20. HIV is classified as:

A. Bacteriophage B. Oncovirus C. Retrovirus D. Icosahedral virus

21. Which of the following is not true about HIV:

A. It is a retrovirus B. Surrounded by envelope C. It does not cause AIDS D. It can cause deficiency of human immune system

22. An invagination of cell membrane which helps in cell division:

A. Fimbriae B. Nucleoid C. Mesosomes D. Endospores

23. In which phase of bacterial growth they divide at exponential rate:

A. Lag phase B. Log phase C. Stationary phase D. Decline phase

24. All animals begin life as a:

A. Multicellular fertilized egg B. Single fertilized egg C. Hollow blastula D. Gastrula

25. Structure which is absent in diploblastic organisms?

A. endoderm B. mesoderm C. ectoderm D. mesoglea

26. Gills changes to eustachian tube in:

A. Fishes B. mammals C. Reptiles D. both b & c

27. Which of the following class of mammals resembles reptiles?

A. Eutheria B. metatheria C. prototheria D. both a & b

28. #NAME?

A. Chlorophyll B. Photosystem C. Photon D. Electron

29. Anaerobic respiration as compared to aerobic respiration produces:

A. Less ATPs B. More ATPs C. Equal ATPs D. Does not produce ATP

30. Cyclic phosphorylation is stimulated by:

A. Low level of NADPH B. Low light intensity C. High level of NADPH D. High light intensity

31. Water breaks during non-cyclic photophosphorylation in process:

A. Hydrolysis B. photolysis C. chemiosmosis D. exocytosis

32. What are the products of light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

A. ATP, RuBP, and reduced NAD B. GP, Oxygen, and reduced NAD C. ATP, Oxygen, and reduced NADP D. GP, reduced NADP, and RuBP

33. The terminal electron acceptor in ETC is:

A. Hydrogen B. Iron C. Cytochrome D. Oxygen

34. The end product of glycolysis in aerobic respiration is;

A. Ethanol + CO2 B. Lactate C. Pyruvate D. Acetyl Co A

35. Stomach: Select the mismatched pair: Cell Type Function (a) Chief cell 1) Pepsinogen (b) Parietal cell 2) Mucus (c) Endocrine cell 3) Hormone (d) Mucus cell 4) HCl (not in list) / Mucus

A. A B. B C. C D. D

36. Which of the following does not digested while passing through digestive tract of human body?

A. fiber B. vitamins C. Minerals D. starch

37. Select the hormone which increase the activity of parietal and chief cells:

A. Cholecystokinin B. Secretin C. Gastrin D. Acetylcholine

38. In humans, the closed sac which surrounds the heart is:

A. Endocardium B. Pericardium C. Myocardium D. Epicardium

39. In human heart, the left atrium receives

A. The superior vena cava B. The coronary sinus C. The inferior vena cava D. The four pulmonary veins

40. The contraction of papillary muscles is responsible for:

A. contraction of bicuspid valve B. tricuspid valve C. Mitral valve contraction D. All of these

41. Chordae tendinae are present in ........ part of heart:

A. Aorta B. Atrium C. Right ventricle D. In both ventricle

42. Which of the following is an example of a joint called suture?

A. Intervertebral disc B. Skull bone C. Costal cartilage D. Pubic symphysis

43. Each muscle fibre is surrounded by membrane which is called:

A. sarcomere B. sarcolemma C. twitch fibre D. capsule

44. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum is like Endoplasmic Reticulum but devoid of ------ and exhibit a ------ Pattern.

A. Ribosome, repeating B. Mitochondria, repeating C. Ribosome, Simplified D. Mitochondria, Simplified

45. Which one of the following is not related to arthritis?

A. Inflammation of joint B. An autoimmune disease C. Inflammation of nerve D. the leading cause of disability in patients over age 65

46. Cause of Parkinson's disease is death of brain cells that produces

A. Dopamine B. Acetylcholine C. ADH Hormone D. Oxytocin

47. The gonadotrophic hormones of the anterior lobe of pituitary include:

A. Prolactin, TSH, Somatotrophin hormone B. FSH, LH , Prolactin C. LH, FSH ,TSH D. Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone, LH , FSH

48. Process ensuring the survival of species over long periods of time, even through individual members of the species die:

A. Reproduction B. Adaptability C. Mitosis D. Respiration

49. In which part of female reproductive system fertilization takes place?

A. Proximal part of oviduct B. Uterus C. Placenta D. Vagina

50. Luteinizing hormone , which is produced by the pituitary gland, promotes ovulation and stimulate the ovaries to produce:

A. Estrogen B. estrogen & Progesterone C. Progesterone D. Oxytocin

51. Phenotype is:

A. The genetic complement i.e the genes in an individual for a particular trait B. Partner of gene pair C. The form of appearance of a trait D. The position of a gene on the chromosome

52. The genetic make up that your parents have transferred to you for your hair color, makes up your:

A. Genotype B. Trait C. Phenotype D. None of the above

53. Structures found in different species which are believed to have a common evolutionary origin are called:

A. Homologous B. Analogous C. Vestigial D. fossilized

54. According to Lamarckism, the basis of evolution is:

A. Inheritance of acquired characteristics B. Natural selection C. Mutation D. Survival of the fittest

55. Defect gene present on X chromosome will normally be constructed to male off spring by:

A. mother B. father C. Mutation D. segregation

56. Why thick filaments are unable to bind with thin filament in a relaxed muscle fiber?

A. Actin blocks the myosin binding site B. Tropomyosin blocks the myosin binding site C. Troponin blocks the myosin binding site D. Tropomyosin blocks the troponin binding site

57. Which type of neurons stimulate muscles to contract in a reflex arc?

A. Motor neurons B. Sensory neurons C. Interneurons D. Afferent neurons

58. In males, which of the following is considered a urogenital organ?

A. Urethra B. Ureter C. Urinary bladder D. Vas deferens

59. Transfer of phosphate from one compound to the other compound requires an enzyme called:

A. Oxidoreductase B. Transferase C. Hydrolase D. Ligase

60. Monoclonal antibodies are useful in cancer diagnosis by:

A. Replacing damaged tissue B. Changing the genetic code of cancer cells C. Killing healthy cells to reduce tumor spread D. Detecting specific tumor markers in samples

61. What is the integrated viral DNA of a retrovirus called?

A. Prophage B. Provirus C. Bacteriophage D. Viroid

62. Where is the electron transport chain located?

A. Inner mitochondrial membrane B. Outer mitochondrial membrane C. Cytoplasm D. Matrix

63. What are nucleic acids polymers of?

A. Amino acids B. Monosaccharides C. Nucleotides D. Fatty acids

64. What does Western blotting detect?

A. Proteins B. DNA C. RNA D. Lipids

65. Which agency regulates biotechnology products?

A. FDA B. WHO C. UNESCO D. WTO

66. Where is the cell wall found?

A. Animal cells B. Plant cells and bacteria C. Fungal cells only D. All cells

67. What is exocytosis?

A. Taking in materials B. Releasing materials C. Diffusion D. Osmosis

68. What is the largest artery?

A. Pulmonary artery B. Aorta C. Vena cava D. Coronary artery

69. Where is the tricuspid valve located?

A. Left atrium and left ventricle B. Right atrium and right ventricle C. Right ventricle and pulmonary artery D. Left ventricle and aorta

70. What is the function of lymph nodes?

A. Filter lymph B. Produce red blood cells C. Produce platelets D. Store nutrients

71. What are chemical messengers at synapses called?

A. Hormones B. Neurotransmitters C. Enzymes D. Antibodies

72. What is cortisol?

A. Growth B. Stress C. Metabolism D. Blood sugar

73. What hormone triggers gallbladder contraction?

A. Gastrin B. Cholecystokinin (CCK) C. Secretin D. Insulin

74. What are prosthetic groups?

A. Loosely bound B. Tightly bound C. Not bound D. Reversibly bound

75. Where do non‑competitive inhibitors bind?

A. Active site B. Allosteric site C. Regulatory site D. Cofactor site

76. What is genetics?

A. Heredity and variation B. Cell structure C. Evolution D. Ecology

77. What is homozygous?

A. Two different alleles B. Two identical alleles C. One allele D. No alleles

78. Where does the Krebs cycle occur?

A. Cytoplasm B. Mitochondrial matrix C. Inner mitochondrial membrane D. Outer mitochondrial membrane

79. What organs are part of the respiratory system?

A. Lungs and airways B. Heart and blood vessels C. Kidneys and bladder D. Liver and gallbladder

80. What are synovial joints?

A. Freely movable B. Slightly movable C. Immovable D. None

81. What is bone tissue?

A. Dynamic tissue B. Static tissue C. Dead tissue D. Non‑living

Chemistry 45 MCQs

82. 1 mol of any substance contains -------- particles:

A. 6.02 × 10²³ B. 6.02 × 10²⁴ C. 6.02 × 10²² D. 3.01 × 10²³

83. Ice is less dense than water at:

A. 0°C B. 4°C C. -4°C D. 2°C

84. In crystal lattice of ice, each O-atom of water molecule is attached to:

A. Four H-atoms B. Three H-atoms C. One H-atoms D. Two H-atoms

85. Which of the following compound has highest boiling point?

A. Water B. Cyclopentane C. Cycloheptane D. Cyclobutane

86. Whenever crystalline solids are broken they do so along definite planes known as:

A. Cleavage planes B. Refractory Planes C. Sagittal planes D. Coronal Planes

87. One of the following is NOT an example of amorphous solids:

A. Plastic B. Glass C. Glucose D. Rubber

88. Which of the following is correct electronic configuration of iron(II) ion (atomic no. of Fe = 26)

A. [Ar] 4s0 3d6 B. [Ar] 4s2 3d6 C. [Ar] 4s2 3d4 D. [Ar] 4s0 3d5

89. Why dimer of Aluminium chloride is formed:

A. Aluminium is electron rich B. Aluminium is having lone pair of electron C. Aluminium donates lone pair to form bridge D. Aluminium forms coordinate bonds with chloride to complete its octet

90. Which one of the following molecules has sp³ hybridization?

A. CH₄ B. C₂H₂ C. CO₂ D. C₂H₄

91. Lattice energy of an ionic crystal is the enthalpy of:

A. Combustion B. Dissociation C. Dissolution D. Formation

92. The specific heat of water is:

A. 4.2 J/gK B. 9.82 J/g/°C C. 6.04 J/g/°C D. 8.47 J/g/°C

93. Electronic configuration of chromium (Proton number 24) is:

A. [Ar] 3d⁴ 4s² B. [Ar] 3d⁴ 4s² C. [Ar] 3d⁵ 4s¹ D. [Ar] 3d⁶ 4s²

94. Why do transition elements form interstitial compounds?

A. Presence of unpaired electrons B. High melting points C. Hole present in Crystle lattice of transition element D. Variable oxidation states

95. The binding energy of transitional elements weakens progressively up to group:

A. IIIB B. IVB C. IIB D. VB

96. n-heptane has ----- octane number:

A. 0 B. 20 C. 1 D. 25

97. Catalytic hydrogenation of oil gives:

A. Alkene B. Fat C. Alkyne D. Alkyl halide

98. The final substitution product in chlorination of methane (with UV light & excess Cl₂) is:

A. Methylene chloride B. Carbon tetrachloride C. Methylene dichloride D. Chloroform

99. Greater the resonance energy of a molecule?

A. Higher will be its reactivity B. Lower will be its stability C. The higher will be its stability D. The higher will be its density

100. Which one of the following compounds is known as tertiary alcohol?

A. 1-Propanol B. 2-Methyl-2-propanol C. 2-Methyl-1-propanol D. 2-Propanol

101. The pKb of n-propyl amine is:

A. 3.24 B. 3.32 C. 3.28 D. 3.35

102. Acetic anhydride is a product of acetic acid as a result of the following reaction:

A. Dehydration B. Reduction C. Oxidation D. Esterification

103. Which of the following molecules have similar molecular shape?

A. NH₃ & AlCl₃ B. BCl₃ & NH₃ C. AlCl₃ & PCl₃ D. H₂O & SnCl₂

104. The number of atoms present in 0.5 mole of helium is:

A. 3.01 x 10²³ B. 6.02 x 10²³ C. 1.204 x 10²⁴ D. 6.02 x 10²²

105. The ideal gas equation is:

A. PV = nkT B. PV = mRT C. P = nRT/V D. PV = nRT

106. The ratio of most probable speed to rms speed is:

A. 1 B. 0.816 C. 0.921 D. 1.225

107. Internal energy is defined as:

A. Heat content B. Sum of kinetic and potential energies C. Work done D. Enthalpy

108. Average C-H bond enthalpy is about:

A. 100 kJ/mol B. 200 kJ/mol C. 300 kJ/mol D. 413 kJ/mol

109. Rate constant (k) is:

A. Changes with concentration B. Changes with time C. Same for all reactions D. Specific to reaction and temperature

110. Standard electrode potential conditions are:

A. 0°C and 1 atm B. 25°C and 1 atm C. 1 M, 1 atm, 25°C D. 1 M, 0 atm, 0°C

111. Difference between primary and secondary batteries:

A. Primary = non-rechargeable, secondary = rechargeable B. Primary = rechargeable, secondary = non-rechargeable C. Both are rechargeable D. Both are non-rechargeable

112. Stainless steel contains:

A. Fe, Cr, Ni B. Fe, C, Mn C. Cu, Zn, Sn D. Al, Mg, Si

113. Coordination number is:

A. Number of ligands B. Number of ligand donor atoms C. Number of metal atoms D. Number of charges

114. Chlorination of benzene gives:

A. Chlorobenzene B. Benzyl chloride C. Toluene D. Nitrobenzene

115. Rate law for Sₙ1 is:

A. Rate = k [RX][Nu⁻] B. Rate = k [RX] C. Rate = k [Nu⁻] D. Rate = k [RX]²

116. IUPAC name of CH₃OH is:

A. Ethanol B. Methanol C. Propanol D. Butanol

117. Small alcohols are:

A. Miscible with water B. Insoluble in water C. Partially soluble D. No solubility

118. Alcohols + FeCl₃:

A. No color with FeCl₃ B. Violet color C. Blue color D. Green color

119. Fermentation of glucose gives:

A. C₆H₁₂O₆ → C₂H₅OH + O₂ B. C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂ C. C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2CO₂ D. C₆H₁₂O₆ → C₂H₅OH + H₂O

120. Decarboxylation is:

A. Addition of CO₂ B. Removal of CO₂ C. Removal of water D. Removal of H₂

121. Vulcanization of rubber involves:

A. Polymerization B. Vulcanization C. Hydrolysis D. Condensation

122. Cellulose cannot be digested due to:

A. α-glycosidic bonds B. β-glycosidic bonds C. Peptide bonds D. Ester bonds

123. Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones because:

A. Less reactive than ketones B. Equally reactive C. More reactive than ketones D. Reactivity depends on solvent

124. Tollens' test is positive for:

A. Ketones give silver mirror B. Aldehydes give silver mirror C. Both give silver mirror D. Aldehydes give silver mirror

125. Acetaldehyde gives positive:

A. Benzaldehyde B. Acetone C. Acetaldehyde D. Propan-2-ol

126. Small carbonyl compounds are:

A. Miscible with water (small ones) B. Insoluble in water C. Partially soluble D. Not soluble at all

English 9 MCQs

127. Choose the correct option.

A. Didnt you hear that the exam was changed to next week. B. Didn't you hear, that the exam was changed to next week? C. Didn't you hear that the exam was changed to next week? D. Did'nt you hear that the exam was changed to next week.

128. Everyone should be _________ duties and assignments according to his/her abilities.

A. Prevented B. Delegated C. Advised D. Suggested

129. After seven years of suggestion from the environmental department, the Sindh legislation has finally passed an antipollution ordinance. From a reading of the language, the legislation promises to be one of the most effective bills in the history of province. Which of the following can be deducted from the passage?

A. Pollution is not now a problem in the country. B. To reduce pollution, the legislation must now be enforced. C. The pollution will be reduced in the country. D. The pollution problem will be eliminated in the province.

130. Choose the correct sentence:

A. He was drenched with the hotness of his fear B. He was drenched in the hotness of his fear C. He was drenched by the hotness of his fear D. He was drenched off the hotness of his fear

131. Select the synonym for: Ruminate

A. Eat greedily B. Work lazily C. Think deeply D. Run fast

132. Choose the correct spelling.

A. Entrepreneur B. Enterpreneur C. Entrapreneur D. Entreprenuer

133. Choose the meaning of "skeptical" in: "She was skeptical about his explanation."

A. Believing B. Trusting C. Credulous D. Doubting

134. Which sentence correctly uses "owing to"?

A. Owing to it was raining, we stayed inside. B. Owing to the rain, we stayed inside. C. Owing to the rain, we stayed inside. D. Owing to the rain, we stayed inside.

135. Which sentence correctly uses "in respect of"?

A. In respect of it was raining, we stayed inside. B. In respect of the rain, we stayed inside. C. In respect of the rain, we stayed inside. D. In respect of the rain, we stayed inside.

Logical Reasoning 9 MCQs

136. What immediate effect does heavy rain have?

A. Widespread flooding B. Minor water logging C. No significant change D. Complete reversal

137. How to restore forest cover?

A. Plant more trees B. Ban vehicles C. Build concrete roads D. Increase fossil fuel use

138. What to do when water levels rise?

A. Distribute relief goods B. Evacuate all residents C. Conduct awareness seminars D. Wait for rescue teams

139. Identify the main flaw: "The economy grew after the new policy, so the policy is the sole reason."

A. No alternative explanations B. All alternatives are considered C. Alternatives are exhausted D. The conclusion ignores alternatives

140. What might have happened at the same time as the policy?

A. Coincided with other changes B. Occurred in isolation C. No other changes D. Unrelated

141. All fruits contain seeds. Apples are fruits. What follows?

A. Apples contain seeds B. Apples do not contain seeds C. Some fruits have seeds D. Seeds are in fruits

142. If you work hard, you succeed. You did not succeed. What can you conclude?

A. You did not work hard B. You worked hard C. You succeeded D. No conclusion

143. If you run, you sweat. You sweat. What can you conclude?

A. You run B. Cannot determine C. You sweat D. No conclusion

144. If it is a car, it has wheels. It has wheels. What can you conclude?

A. It is a car B. Cannot determine C. It has wheels D. No conclusion

Physics 36 MCQs

145. If 2A current passes through a resistor when connected to a certain battery. If the resistance is replaced by the double resistance, then the current will become:

A. 2A B. 4A C. 6A D. 1A

146. Acceleration of light travelling in vacuum:

A. 3 × 10¹⁰ cm/s B. Zero C. 299792458 m/s D. 1.86000 miles/s

147. The instantaneous velocity along the curved path is:

A. Along the tangent B. Perpendicular to the slope C. Parallel to the radius D. Anti-parallel to the radius

148. Two balls collied each other , it has been observed that collions is elastic. Which statement adovocates the observation:

A. K.E after collision = K.E before collision B. Momentum after collision = K.E after collision C. K.E before collision ≠ K.E after collision D. Momentum before collision ≠ momentum after collision

149. A projectile is launched. Its velocity is maximum at:

A. Point of projection B. Highest point C. Between launching and highest point D. All points

150. Two bodies are projected at an angle of α and (90° – α) to the horizontal with same speed. The ratio between their time of flight is:

A. cos α : 1 B. sin α : 1 C. sin α : cos α D. cos α : sin α

151. The rate at which work is being done is:

A. Density B. Force C. Energy D. Power

152. The work done will be negative, if the angle between force and displacement is:

A. 45° B. Power / Time C. 60° D. 180°

153. Kilowatt hour is a unit of:

A. Energy B. Energy × time C. Power D. (power)(energy)

154. 1hp is equal to:

A. 476 watts B. 647 watts C. 746 watts D. 467 watts

155. Astronomers calculate speed of distant stars/galaxies using of the following phenomena?

A. Beats B. Interference C. Superposition principle D. Doppler effect

156. If Q is the amount of heat supplied to a system and 'w' is the work done, then change in internal energy can be defined as:

A. Q/W B. Q-W C. W/Q D. 1 + Q/W

157. A parallel plate capacitor has 2m plate separation, 2m² area, 10⁴V across plates. Capacitance is:

A. 4 × 10⁻⁹ F B. 3.54 × 10⁻⁹ F C. 8.85 × 10⁻⁹ F D. 9 × 10⁻⁹ F

158. Which of the following statement is true about the magnetic field inside a solenoid?

A. It is along the axis of the coil B. It is strongest at the ends of solenoid C. It is circular around the wires D. It is zero when current flows through it

159. Magnetic flux is maximum when angle between magnetic field and vector area:

A. 0° B. 90° C. 180° D. 45°

160. For rectification transformer used is:

A. With low input voltage B. With low input resistance C. Step up D. Step down

161. The conversion of A.C into D.C is called rectification and circuit is called rectifier. Which component of electronics acts as a rectifier?

A. Diode B. Transistor C. Transformer D. Inductor

162. Gamma radiations are emitted due to:

A. De-excitation of atom B. De-excitation of nucleus C. Excitation of atom D. Excitation of nucleus

163. If the peak voltage is 311 V, the rms voltage is approximately:

A. 220 V B. 311 V C. 440 V D. 155 V

164. The potentiometer is used to measure:

A. EMF of a cell B. Current C. Resistance D. Power

165. In a parallel circuit, if one bulb blows out, the other bulbs will:

A. Remain glowing B. Go out C. Glow brighter D. Glow dimmer

166. Einstein's photoelectric equation is:

A. hf = φ + Kmax B. hf = φ - Kmax C. hf = Kmax / φ D. φ = hf + Kmax

167. A transformer works on the principle of:

A. Mutual induction B. Self induction C. Eddy currents D. Hysteresis

168. A magnet is dropped through a coil. The induced current is:

A. First clockwise then counterclockwise B. Only one direction C. No current D. Alternating rapidly

169. If the magnetic flux through a coil is constant, the induced EMF is:

A. Zero B. Non-zero constant C. Infinite D. Alternating

170. The induced current in a coil is maximum when the rate of change of flux is:

A. Maximum B. Minimum C. Zero D. Constant

171. The force between two parallel current-carrying conductors is attractive if the currents are:

A. In the same direction B. In opposite directions C. Perpendicular D. Zero

172. The branch of physics that deals with the flow and control of electrons in vacuum, gases, and semiconductors is called:

A. Electronics B. Electrostatics C. Electromagnetism D. Optics

173. The electrostatic force between two charges in a medium of dielectric constant K is:

A. F = F₀ / K B. F = F₀ K C. F = F₀ D. F = F₀ / K²

174. The SI unit of angular velocity is:

A. rad/s B. m/s C. rev/s D. deg/s

175. At the highest point of projectile motion, the velocity is:

A. Horizontal only B. Vertical only C. Zero D. Maximum

176. The half-life of uranium-238 is about:

A. 4.5 × 10⁹ years B. 4.5 × 10⁶ years C. 4.5 × 10³ years D. 4.5 × 10⁸ years

177. If no external torque acts on a system, its angular momentum remains:

A. Constant B. Zero C. Increasing D. Decreasing

178. For a solid cylinder rolling down an incline, the acceleration is:

A. a = 2/3 g sinθ B. a = g sinθ C. a = 1/2 g sinθ D. a = 3/2 g sinθ

179. The frequencies of a pipe closed at one end are:

A. Odd harmonics only B. All harmonics C. Even harmonics only D. Fundamental only

180. The angular frequency ω is related to frequency f by:

A. ω = 2πf B. ω = 2π/f C. ω = f/2π D. ω = 2πf²

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