NTS GAT Subject (Environmental Sciences) FLP 3 Free Quiz

NTS GAT Subject (Environmental Sciences) – FLP 3

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NTS GAT Subject (Environmental Sciences) – FLP 3 consists of 100 MCQs covering 1 subjects. You have 120 minutes to complete it. Start with the easier questions and manage your time wisely. Good luck!

Environmental Sciences 100 MCQs

1. What is the variation of genes within a species?

A. Species diversity B. Ecosystem diversity C. Biological diversity D. Genetic diversity

2. What is the variety of ecosystems in a region?

A. Ecosystem diversity B. Species diversity C. Genetic diversity D. Biological diversity

3. What convention protects cultural and natural sites of outstanding universal value?

A. Ramsar Convention B. CITES C. World Heritage Convention D. CBD

4. What international treaty is for biodiversity conservation?

A. Ramsar Convention B. CITES C. World Heritage Convention D. CBD

5. What is the protection of species outside their natural habitats?

A. Ex-situ B. In-situ C. In-vitro D. In-vivo

6. What is a designated area for conservation?

A. National park B. Wildlife sanctuary C. Protected area D. Biosphere reserve

7. What is a protected area for conservation and recreation?

A. Wildlife sanctuary B. Biosphere reserve C. Protected area D. National park

8. What is the unsustainable use of species?

A. Habitat loss B. Pollution C. Climate change D. Overexploitation

9. What are regions with high biodiversity and high threat?

A. Protected areas B. Biodiversity hotspots C. National parks D. Wildlife sanctuaries

10. What is the UN agency for environmental affairs?

A. UNEP B. UNDP C. FAO D. WHO

11. What is climate change?

A. Long-term changes in weather patterns B. Increase in Earth's temperature C. Trapping of heat by gases D. Ozone layer thinning

12. What is the trapping of heat by gases in the atmosphere?

A. Global warming B. Climate change C. Greenhouse effect D. Ozone depletion

13. What does the ice-albedo feedback loop do?

A. Cooling B. Neutral C. Amplifies warming D. Negative

14. What is a key mitigation strategy for climate change?

A. Fossil fuels B. Nuclear C. Renewable energy D. Geothermal

15. What is the ability to withstand and recover from climate impacts?

A. Climate resilience B. Mitigation C. Adaptation D. Vulnerability

16. What is the amount of CO₂ emissions allowed to limit warming?

A. Carbon budget B. Carbon sink C. Carbon source D. Carbon footprint

17. What means balancing emissions with removals?

A. Net-zero emissions B. Carbon neutral C. Carbon negative D. Carbon positive

18. What is the layer of gases surrounding the Earth?

A. Hydrosphere B. Lithosphere C. Atmosphere D. Biosphere

19. What is the solid outer layer of the Earth?

A. Atmosphere B. Lithosphere C. Hydrosphere D. Biosphere

20. What is the pH of acid rain?

A. Greater than 7 B. Equal to 7 C. Greater than 5.6 D. Less than 5.6

21. What is a major greenhouse gas?

A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Nitrogen D. Argon

22. What layer of the atmosphere contains the ozone layer?

A. Troposphere B. Stratosphere C. Mesosphere D. Thermosphere

23. What heavy metals are toxic environmental pollutants?

A. Nutrients B. Greenhouse gases C. Heavy metals D. Ozone-depleting substances

24. What is the breakdown of substances by light?

A. Biodegradation B. Photodegradation C. Chemical degradation D. Physical degradation

25. What is the increase in concentration of substances as they move up the food chain?

A. Bioaccumulation B. Bioconcentration C. Biomagnification D. Bioaugmentation

26. What is caused by excess nutrients in water bodies?

A. Acidification B. Eutrophication C. Salinization D. Desertification

27. What is a community of organisms interacting with their non-living environment?

A. A population B. A community C. An ecosystem D. A biome

28. What is the role of an organism in its ecosystem?

A. Habitat B. Niche C. Biome D. Ecosystem

29. What shows the amount of energy available at each trophic level?

A. Food chain B. Food web C. Biomass pyramid D. Energy pyramid

30. What is the movement of nitrogen through the environment?

A. Nitrogen cycle B. Carbon cycle C. Water cycle D. Oxygen cycle

31. What is the continuous movement of water?

A. Carbon cycle B. Nitrogen cycle C. Water cycle D. Oxygen cycle

32. What type of succession occurs on newly formed land where no soil exists?

A. Secondary B. Tertiary C. Primary D. Quaternary

33. What type of succession occurs on disturbed land where soil already exists?

A. Primary B. Tertiary C. Quaternary D. Secondary

34. What is the maximum population size that an environment can sustain?

A. Population growth rate B. Carrying capacity C. Population density D. Limiting factor

35. What is a resource or condition that restricts population growth?

A. Limiting factor B. Carrying capacity C. Population density D. Population growth rate

36. What is a symbiotic relationship where both species benefit?

A. Commensalism B. Parasitism C. Competition D. Mutualism

37. What is the interaction between organisms for limited resources?

A. Predation B. Symbiosis C. Competition D. Parasitism

38. What is the interaction where one organism kills and eats another?

A. Competition B. Symbiosis C. Parasitism D. Predation

39. What is the trapping of heat by gases in the atmosphere?

A. Ozone layer B. Greenhouse effect C. Global warming D. Climate change

40. What is the increase in Earth's average temperature?

A. Global warming B. Greenhouse effect C. Climate change D. Ozone hole

41. What is the first step in the EIA process to determine if a project requires a full assessment?

A. Scoping B. Impact analysis C. Screening D. Mitigation

42. What is an important component of the EIA process?

A. Optional B. Not required C. For some projects D. Important component

43. What considers the combined effects of multiple projects?

A. Single impact B. Cumulative impact C. Direct impact D. Indirect impact

44. What is the review of environmental performance?

A. EIA B. Environmental auditing C. Monitoring D. Compliance

45. What is the ongoing observation of environmental conditions?

A. Environmental monitoring B. Environmental auditing C. EIA D. Compliance

46. What are a forum for stakeholders to express opinions on a project?

A. Optional B. Not required C. Public hearings D. For experts only

47. What is the option of not proceeding with the project?

A. No-action alternative B. Preferred alternative C. Mitigation alternative D. Best alternative

48. What is the monitoring and evaluation of a project after approval?

A. Screening B. Scoping C. EIA follow-up D. Impact analysis

49. What principle is often applied in environmental risk assessment?

A. Polluter pays principle B. Precautionary principle C. User pays principle D. Prevention principle

50. What principle charges users for the use of natural resources?

A. Precautionary principle B. User pays principle C. Polluter pays principle D. Prevention principle

51. What principle aims to prevent environmental damage before it occurs?

A. Prevention principle B. Precautionary principle C. Polluter pays principle D. User pays principle

52. What international treaty addresses climate change?

A. Montreal Protocol B. Paris Agreement C. Copenhagen Accord D. Kyoto Protocol

53. What international treaty addresses prior informed consent for hazardous chemicals?

A. Stockholm Convention B. Rotterdam Convention C. Basel Convention D. Minamata Convention

54. What international treaty addresses mercury pollution?

A. Minamata Convention B. Stockholm Convention C. Basel Convention D. Rotterdam Convention

55. What US law regulates water pollution?

A. Clean Air Act B. Clean Water Act C. NEPA D. Safe Drinking Water Act

56. What US law ensures the quality of drinking water?

A. Safe Drinking Water Act B. Clean Air Act C. Clean Water Act D. NEPA

57. What US agency is responsible for environmental regulation?

A. NOAA B. EPA C. FEMA D. DOI

58. What is the system of rules and institutions for managing the environment?

A. Environmental policy B. Environmental law C. Environmental governance D. Environmental management

59. What provides funding for environmental projects?

A. World Bank B. IMF C. WTO D. UNEP

60. What UN agency works on food security and biodiversity?

A. UNEP B. FAO C. UNDP D. WHO

61. What is the presence of harmful substances in the atmosphere?

A. Water pollution B. Soil pollution C. Air pollution D. Noise pollution

62. What is the contamination of water bodies by harmful substances?

A. Air pollution B. Soil pollution C. Noise pollution D. Water pollution

63. What is the degradation of soil due to the presence of harmful substances?

A. Air pollution B. Soil pollution C. Water pollution D. Noise pollution

64. What type of pollution is the release of heated water?

A. Chemical B. Biological C. Physical D. Thermal

65. What type of pollution is the release of radioactive materials?

A. Chemical B. Radioactive C. Biological D. Thermal

66. What is the use of microorganisms to clean up pollutants?

A. Bioremediation B. Phytoremediation C. Mycoremediation D. Rhizoremediation

67. What is the use of fungi to clean up pollutants?

A. Bioremediation B. Phytoremediation C. Rhizoremediation D. Mycoremediation

68. What international treaty addresses persistent organic pollutants?

A. Stockholm Convention B. Basel Convention C. Rotterdam Convention D. Minamata Convention

69. What international treaty addresses hazardous waste management?

A. Stockholm Convention B. Rotterdam Convention C. Basel Convention D. Minamata Convention

70. What international treaty addresses mercury pollution?

A. Stockholm Convention B. Minamata Convention C. Basel Convention D. Rotterdam Convention

71. What international treaty addresses climate change?

A. Montreal Protocol B. Paris Agreement C. Kyoto Protocol D. Copenhagen Accord

72. What are materials from the environment used to meet human needs?

A. Pollutants B. Waste products C. Natural resources D. Synthetic materials

73. What resources cannot be replaced once used?

A. Renewable B. Non-renewable C. Sustainable D. Inexhaustible

74. What resources are available to everyone and can be easily depleted?

A. Private B. Public C. Common property D. Open access

75. What are the benefits provided by ecosystems to humans?

A. Resources B. Ecosystem services C. Goods D. Services

76. What ecosystem services control processes like climate regulation?

A. Provisioning B. Cultural C. Regulating D. Supporting

77. What ecosystem services provide non-material benefits?

A. Provisioning B. Regulating C. Supporting D. Cultural

78. What ecosystem services underpin all other services?

A. Provisioning B. Supporting C. Regulating D. Cultural

79. What is a holistic approach to water management?

A. IWRM B. Water conservation C. Water quality D. Water supply

80. What involves local communities in resource management?

A. Top-down B. Government-led C. CBNRM D. Centralized

81. What is an integrated approach that considers entire ecosystems?

A. Species-based B. Habitat-based C. Resource-based D. Ecosystem-based

82. What assigns economic value to environmental goods and services?

A. Cost-benefit analysis B. Environmental valuation C. Environmental accounting D. Resource assessment

83. What compares the costs and benefits of a project or policy?

A. Cost-benefit analysis B. Environmental valuation C. Environmental accounting D. Resource assessment

84. What are the 3Rs of waste management?

A. Reduce, Recycle, Recover B. Reduce, Reuse, Recover C. Reuse, Recycle, Recover D. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

85. What is the extraction of energy or materials from waste?

A. Recycling B. Reuse C. Reduction D. Recovery

86. What is the decomposition of organic waste to produce fertilizer?

A. Incineration B. Landfill C. Composting D. Recycling

87. What is the breakdown of organic waste without oxygen to produce biogas?

A. Composting B. Incineration C. Landfill D. Anaerobic digestion

88. What is electronic waste from discarded electronic devices?

A. Hazardous B. Non-hazardous C. E-waste D. Inert

89. What international treaty addresses hazardous waste management?

A. Stockholm Convention B. Rotterdam Convention C. Minamata Convention D. Basel Convention

90. What is the traditional model of take, make, dispose?

A. Linear economy B. Circular economy C. Recycling economy D. Sustainable economy

91. What is the goal of diverting all waste from landfills?

A. Recycling B. Zero waste C. Incineration D. Composting

92. What is the analysis of the composition of waste?

A. Waste minimization B. Pollution prevention C. Waste characterization D. Waste disposal

93. What is the continuous movement of water?

A. Carbon cycle B. Nitrogen cycle C. Water cycle D. Oxygen cycle

94. What is the upper surface of the zone of saturation?

A. Water table B. Water level C. Groundwater level D. Aquifer level

95. What is a prolonged period of water scarcity?

A. Flood B. Drought C. Water surplus D. Water abundance

96. What is the contamination of water bodies by harmful substances?

A. Water scarcity B. Water quality C. Water pollution D. Water quantity

97. What is the practice of using water efficiently and avoiding waste?

A. Water conservation B. Water quality C. Water supply D. Water distribution

98. What is a storage area for water?

A. Canal B. Reservoir C. Well D. Pond

99. What is the assessment of water use and efficiency?

A. Water auditing B. Water quality C. Water conservation D. Water supply

100. What is the artificial application of water to soil for crop production?

A. Water conservation B. Rainwater harvesting C. Desalination D. Irrigation

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